The final battle unfolds in a 7 year period through a series of seal, trumpet, and bowl judgements, he casts the antichrist and false prophet into the lake of fire. So, does it mean the 144,000 will be men only and virgins only. The apocalyptic book of revelation uses symbols and old testament references to reveal a pattern of human rebellion and gods plan to overcome evil forever. There are somewhere between 200 to 1,000 references to the ot in revelation, depending on how you count them.
Aug 24, 2016 on the other hand, the king james study bible stated, of the 404 verses in the book revelation, 265 verses contain lines that allude to some 550 old testament references 1979. The idea of a kingdom is obvious in all these references even though the word kingdom itself is not used. The book of revelation is strikingly different from the rest of the new testament. I go through a chapter of revelation and spot the links to old testament writings. New testament book of revelation definition of new. It was right there in blue and white, on the same page that offered proof that obama is a radical muslim who refuses to say the pledge of allegiance, which was right smack dab next to documentation that obama matches the description of the antichrist in the new testament book of revelation. Novum testamentum is the second part of the christian biblical canon, the first being the old testament. On the other hand, the king james study bible stated, of the 404 verses in the book revelation, 265 verses contain lines that allude to some 550 old testament references 1979. Commentary on the new testament use of the old testament. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation american.
As you read revelation, a you will see many times b where john speaks as the old testament. There are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. Revelation to john appears to be a collection of separate. There are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. However, by a careful study of the bible, we can understand that most of them come from the. The book of revelation does not tell whence these allusions came. There are several passages in other books besides revelation that speak of the. How many old testament quotations andor allusions are. To understand this book, we must first begin at the. There are thirtyfour direct references to the book of daniel in the.
A brief overview it is observed that revelation contains more references to the old testament books than any other document in the new testament. D, the church is in what seems to be a deathstruggle with the forces of evil, and the christians seem to be losing. Carson have brought together a distinguished team of scholars to isolate, catalog, and comment on both the obvious old testament quotations and the more subtle allusions found in the. Table of old testament quotes in the new testament, in english translation. Old testament passages referred to or quoted in the new. In revelation 1, john draws on the following symbols from book of daniel to describe his vision of jesus. May 20, 2015 the remainder of the book looks at various ways in which john uses the old testament and argues that there is a reciprocal interpretative relationship between the old testament and the apocalypse. The word apocalypse has been borrowed from the book of revelation and applied to these other writings. Out of eighteen uses of in the book, at least eleven are.
Testament imagery or allusion in the book of revelation. Revelation, apocalyptic writing and the old testament grace. There are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation. The use of old testament in the book of revelation.
Revelation was written by a man named john, who calls himself a brother in the faith 1. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation by. New testament book of revelation article about new. Of the 216 chapters, there are 318 references to the second coming. Readers of the new testament often encounter quotes or allusions to the old testament that may be unfamiliar or obscure. The continued reign of the saints with christ is mentioned also in revelation 22. Revelation to john, also called book of revelation or apocalypse of john, last book of the new testament. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old. New testament use of the old testament, by roger nicole.
New testament book of revelation synonyms, new testament book of revelation pronunciation, new testament book of revelation translation, english dictionary definition. Carson have brought together a distinguished team of scholars to. Porter concurred, the book of revelation is replete with allusions to the ot. Some of these references back to the old testament do speak of the very same thing as the revelation. This is the reason for so many references to the old testament. New testament of the bible cliffsnotes study guides book. The second part of the christian bible, consisting of the gospels, acts, epistles, and book of revelation, which together describe the life and teachings. Thus the new testament signals at the start an engagement with the old testament that touches every page and. Jan 04, 2010 there are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. However, more than half of the references are in the psalms, isaiah, ezekiel and daniel.
The list contains not only the direct or indirect citations, but also the allusions which are particularly worthy of attention. New testament use of the old testament by roger nicole. This distinction should be kept in mind in the study of those old testament references. Dominion press, 1987, 26 2 the book of revelation depends on the old testament much more than does any other new testament book. When all the new testament references to the kingdom are examined as a whole it is seen that they fall into various categories. The kingdom was the high point of old testament prophecy and no prophet ever saw anything beyond that. Hey, the truth is out there on the internet for anyone with the courage to look. The book of revelation has long been one of the bibles most difficult books to. It is difficult to give an accurate figure since the variation in use ranges all the way from a distant allusion to a definite quotation introduced by an explicit formula stating the citations source. The left column carries the nt citations, the middle the septuagint lxx and the last column the masoretic mt. This data draws primarily from publicdomain sources, especially the treasury of scripture knowledge, which provides most of the data. Dec 15, 2017 another important piece of evidence for the new testament use of against an old testament background is the range of uses of in revelation, which are also directly linked to old testament allusions and not to grecoroman civil assembly uses. But the high point of new testament prophecy is the eternal order, and revelation 21 and 22 provide new.
The book of revelation contains the most references to verses in the hebrew scriptures. The book of revelation provides some of the keenest insights in scripture concerning the big picture of work. Revelation is filled with obscure and fantastic symbolism, and it teems with mystical references. The following list includes around one thousand new testament quotations or allusions of old testament scriptures. The new testament discusses the teachings and person of jesus, as well as events in firstcentury christianity. In the commentary for the new testament use of the old testament, g. There are many similarities between revelation and the old testament. It is observed that revelation contains more references to the old testament books than any other document in the new testament. How many old testament quotations andor allusions are there in.
Another important piece of evidence for the new testament use of against an old testament background is the range of uses of in revelation, which are also directly linked to old testament allusions and not to grecoroman civil assembly uses. Johns use of the old testament in revelation the library of. His usage of the old testament is more than mere symbols its ideas and words appear throughout the book. The new testament proclaims its indebtedness to the old testament on the very first page. Studies of special interest concern the bearing of the old testament on revelation s eschatology, on the issue of the millennium, and on the thorny. The use of old testament in the book of revelation rizalde. The importance of our familiarity with the old testament in order to understand the book of revelation cannot be overstated. Old testament passages referred to or quoted in the new testament. The following is a table of new testament nt quotations of the old testament ot.
According to westcott and horts list of quotations from the old testament, of the 404 verses of revelation 278 contain references to the old testament. It is critically important in the interpretation of the new testament to understand how the apostles used old testament passages to make clear and exemplify the doctrines of christ. Old testament scriptures that refer to the book of revelation. Matthew was written specifically for jews, who believe in the old testament. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old testament. So, go to the verse listed and see the old testament scripture that relates to it. For example, did john choose texts to meet the needs of the recipients or did his meditation on the scriptures give him a unique insight into their situation. Table of old testament quotes in the new testament, in. Studies of special interest concern the bearing of the old testament on revelations eschatology, on the issue of the millennium, and on the thorny. Each book of the new testament was written by one of his apostles, and their disciples. Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh. Understanding revelation from the old testament gods writer. However, the material found in the last two chapters is totally new. However, in others, the revelation merely borrows a phrase or motif for the purpose of developing a new area.
Revelation, apocalyptic writing and the old testament. Johns use of the old testament in revelation the library. Indeed, the kingdom was the high point of old testament prophecy and no prophet ever saw anything beyond that. This is a necessity to understanding and interpreting revelation correctly. The new testament contains an extraordinarily large number of old testament quotations. The new testament books contain the history of the life and works of jesus christ, as well as the spread of the. Psalms, isaiah, daniel, and ezekiel make the most important contributions to revelation.
The old testament in the book of revelation book, 1984. Down through the years of my personal studies and research where that i have study form many other resources, i have found where they state that there are over 500 hundred references in the old testament that can be found in the book of. John describes the seven churches in asia, he records the visions that he received, and in the prophecy jesus returns as the kinsman redeemer to claim this world as his inheritance. No other new testament book a has more old testament references than the book of revelation, yet. Its title is derived from the first word of the koine greek text. This fact alone should warn us that we cannot begin to fathom its meaning apart from a solid grasp of the bible as a whole. But the eternal order is the high point of new testament prophecy, and revelation 21 and 22 provide new information, as they describe the eternal order. Allusions in revelation from old testament christian forums. Beale has contributed the chapter on revelation to the book commentary on the new testament use of the old testament and in this commentary on revelation, he provides many references and connections between revelation and the old testament. Revelation is the last book in the bible, the twentyseventh book of the new testament. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old testament the list contains not only the direct or indirect citations, but also the allusions which are particularly worthy of attention.
It is populated by winged and wild creatures, locust plagues, and sevenheaded beasts. Whereas revelation was written while the christians were oppressed by the romans, the prophets isaiah, ezekiel, and daniel wrote while the jews where under babylonian domination. The writers of the new testament referred to or quoted from the old testament over 300 times. Acknowledgments foreword homer hailey preface the old testament background of the book of revelation the number and analysis of old testament quotations the text used in the old testament allusions the purpose of the old testament allusions the place of the book of revelation in apocalyptic.
New testament references to old testament scriptures. What book in the new testament has the most old testament. Matthew begins with an old testament genealogy that makes sense only to those who are familiar with the people and events to which it refers 1. Revelation and the old testament apologetics press. In fact, of the 39 old testament books, one writer has found that revelation alludes to 24 of them.
Kirkpatrick, the book of psalms the cambridge bible. Allusions in revelation from old testament silencehush. Old testament references in the book of revelation annointing. The book revelation is the last book of the new testament as well as the bible. The new testament is the portion of the bible written after jesus rose from the dead and ascended into heaven. The book of revelation is the only apocalyptic document in the new testament canon although there are short apocalyptic passages in various places in the gospels and the epistles, and an extended apocalyptic passage in the book of daniel in the old testament.
The book of revelation, the new international commentary on the new testament, p. The book of revelation often called the revelation to john, apocalypse of john, the revelation from jesus christ from its opening words, the apocalypse, the revelation, or simply revelation is the final book of the new testament, and consequently is also the final book of the christian bible. How many old testament quotations andor allusions are there. Almost every verse of revelation contains some sort of allusion to it. T part v includes quotes from revelation found in genesis, exodus, numbers, psalms, isaiah, ezekiel, daniel, joel. Write, then, the things you see, both the things that are now, and the things that will happen afterward revelation 1. But things are not always what they seem to be outwardly. Tenney, for example, identified 348 clear old testament references in the book of revelation. The book of revelation is the final book of the new testament, and consequently is also the final book of the christian bible. It is the only book of the new testament classified as apocalyptic literature rather than didactic or historical, indicating thereby its extensive use of visions, symbols, and allegory, especially in connection with future events. The remainder of the book looks at various ways in which john uses the old testament and argues that there is a reciprocal interpretative relationship between the old testament and the apocalypse. Old testament references in the book of revelation rebel.
Revelation parallels, figures and typology in the old. The following is a list of such references, but it makes no claim to being exhaustive or complete. The outcome of the conflict is rigidly determined everything moves forward according to a divinely preordained time schedule and purpose. Carson have brought together a distinguished team of scholars to isolate, catalog, and comment on both the obvious old testament quotations and the more subtle allusions found in the new. New testament definition of new testament by the free. In writing revelation, john follows the pattern that was used in older apocalyptic writings in the old testament such as the book of daniel in the old testament, 1 esdras in the apocrypha, the book of enoch in the pseudepigrapha, the assumption of moses, and many other well known writings, including sections of the book of ezekiel in the old. Early church tradition identified him with john the son of zebedee, one of the twelve apostles. Please remember the only difference between the old and new. Revelation refers to a whole range of books from the old testament, right through the law, the historical books, poetry and the prophets. Eight interesting facts about revelations use of the old.
New testament synonyms, new testament pronunciation, new testament translation, english dictionary definition of new testament. And of those, daniel has the longest and most detailed references considering its length. Revelation, apocalyptic writing and the old testament the book of revelation belongs to a class of chiefly jewish and later christian literature called apocalyptic. Apologetics press revelation and the old testament. Cambridge university press, 1902 free email bible study conquering lamb of revelation. How many times does john reference the old testament in. The old testament in the book of revelation the library of new. About 340,000 cross references identify commonalities between different parts of the biblechains of similar themes, words, events, or people. New testament book of revelation synonyms, new testament book of revelation pronunciation, new testament book of revelation translation, english dictionary definition of new testament book of. Nov 21, 20 some use this book to try and predict the future. Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.
Revelation contains more old testament references than any other new testament bookalmost 70 percent of its verses contain old testament references. New testament quotations from the psalms copied from the appendix in a. Old testament in the new testament, the bakers evangelical. This book explores the relationship between the new context that john provides for his allusions and their context in the old testament.